任务 高考(高考英语任务型阅读常见词汇)

原因和结果：reason (for) , result; cause (of) , effect; consequence

异同点与优缺点：difference , similarity； advantage/benefit , disadvantage

功能：function

观点与态度：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea ；attitude to/towards

评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assessment

表方式、方法：means , way , method (of) ; solution , approach ( to doing sth. ); take measures to do sth.

目的：purpose , aim , goal 积极和消极：positive ,negative; optimistic

建议： advice [u] , suggestion , tip 概括、总结: summary , conclusion

特点： feature , characteristic 种类：kind , type , category , class

精神上与身体上：mentally ，physically 影响 : influence , impact , effect (on )

情形 ，状况 : situation，condition 建立：build , create , establish , found

出现：appear ,occur(red) 实现，完成：reach , realize , accomplish

必要，必需 : must /necessity 方面，项目条款：item / aspect

材料 : materials 知识消息：knowledge / information

日程计划 : schedule / agenda 百分比：percentage

性别 :sex 年龄 : age

满意 :satisfaction 忧虑，担忧，焦急 : concern

(不)熟悉 :familiar /unfamiliar 个人，个人的: individual

细节 :description , detail 文化 : culture

责任 : (take) responsibility 贡献 : (make) contributions to

重要 : value importance significance 比较 : contrast comparison

时期 : period / time 存在 : existence exist

花费 : cost / expense 人口 : population

天气与气候 : weather[u] / climate [c] 位置 : location

主题 : theme 背景 : setting，background

情节 : plot 高潮 : climax

结尾 :ending 反对者与支持者：supporter , opponent

转换类常用句型：

1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades

2. take advantage of = make use of

3. parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents

4. oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with

5. consider … = take … into consideration / account

6. at the beginning = at first

7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for

8. since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history

9. Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities. = Americans have been migrating south and west for decades, seeking a better job. / searching /looking for a better job.

10. housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked/relevant to / connected with housing

11. take an active part in = take part in sth. actively

12. encourage participation in quiet activities = encourage children to participate in / take part in/ play a role in quite activities

13. be hooked on headphones = be addicted to headphones

14.valuable information = information of great value

15.understand clearly = have a clear understanding of sth.

16.affect = have an effect / influence / impact on sth.

17.matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = make a difference

18. kills sb. = sth. costs sb. sth. = claim one’s life

19. make an apology = apologize to sb.

20.be over = end = put …to an end

21.despite = in spite of

22. share less than 2% = account for less than 2%= make up

23.online = on the Internet

24.learn good citizenship = learn to be good citizens

25.list the things that you are good at = list what / all you are good at

26.explain sth. = make an explanation

27.offer sth. to sb. = provide / supply sth. for sb.

28.besides = on top of = in addition to = apart from

29. be better than = be superior to

30. approve of = subscribe to = be in favor / support of = favor sth.

31.have access to = be acceptable / accessible / available to

32.stop = quit = give up

33.compensate for = make up for

34.in part = partly

35.every year = yearly = annually

36.use up = run out of (主动)

37.run out = give out = be used up (被动)

38.be accused of = be charged with

39.most of the people = the majority of the people

40.cater to /for one’s needs / demands /requirements = satisfy / meet one’s ….

41.starve to death = die of hunger/ starvation

42.be tired out = be worn out = be exhausted = be weary

43.socially responsible = social responsibility

44.sth. benefit sb. = be beneficial to sb. = be of benefit to = sb. benefit from sth .

45.commit oneself to doing sth. = promise to do sth.

46.make full use of = make the most of

大概符合你的意思吧，给分哦！！

指令性

指令性就是作文的写作任务必须是明确的、具体的，引导考生就一个具体明确的要求来写作，写作的针对行更强。作文导向十分清晰。如2015年课标II“谁更有风采”。

这种任务型作文，都应该指令什么？

体式指令，指令写成什么样的文体；

内容指令，指令写作内容是什么；

思维指令，指令问题的焦点，写作的着力点；

对象指令，指令具体的问题。

2.矛盾性

作文材料要给出一个情境，出现对立性或说矛盾性的问题，了然后要求考生提出解决处理问题的想法和方案。

由于出现了一个对立性、矛盾性的情境，那么就需要考生进行探究，探究就是对作文内容去做深入深讨、认真研究。作文的探究性是要围绕作文材料中有争议、有分歧的问题，进行讨论、研究，分析矛盾、解决矛盾。这就加强了对理性思维和理性表达的引导。

指令性和矛盾性是制题的要求。任务驱动型作文？有这5个特性，让你快速掌握高考语文作文新题型

3.权衡性

由于“矛盾性”，更由于作文材料的多则，材料本身没有做价值的判断，材料意义的容涵性与开放性强，那么考生必须权衡，只有衡量、考虑、斟酌之后，才能做出恰当、准确的“选择”，才能有自己真切的认识与思考、冷静的分析、逻辑性的表达。

“权衡”是审题的关键。

4.辨析性

辨析性或者叫思辨性。

如果说“权衡性”还是在审题阶段，其中当然也会有辨析，而“辨析性”，还主要体现在行文中，辨析关键概念、辨析是非、辨析因果、辨析本质。

辨析性是非常重要的思维能力特征。符合对“考查学生独立思考问题能力”的要求，也是高考作文未来发展中研究的重要内容。2015年的很多作文题都在注重思辨上下了很大功夫。如上海作文题以“心中坚硬的东西和柔软的东西之间的关系“为内容，移到学生对”和谐自我“进行思考，考查学生在人生观、价值观方面有见地、有创新的思考。另外还有广东作文题”感知自然的远和近“等。

试题是否具有思辨性，能否引导学生进行思辨。这就牵涉作文题设置的题型功能和题型考查目标的问题。作文主要考查的是学生的写作能力，其中包括思想内容、情感态度、布局谋篇，以及对这些加以整合的逻辑思维能力。

思辨应该是一个文章写作的切入点。试题内容体现适当的思辨是否有益。为了更好的体现思辨性、辩证性，最好出现上海这几年的“两概念“作文题。任务驱动型作文？有这5个特性，让你快速掌握高考语文作文新题型

5.比较性

“谁更有风采”，那么就需要比较、辨析，而且实在多维度的比较中说理论证自己的观点。

这是写作的关键。多维度地比较论证说理比如从贡献、价值、意义、社会需求度等角度进行比较论证。这样的题型，往往作文材料不是单一的，而是多则，就更需要比较说理论证。写作的重点是说明选择的原则、理由，在强烈的对比中，鲜明的阐述自己的论点，凸显自己的观点。